Epiretinal membrane surgery removes scar tissue from the macula to improve blurred or distorted central vision. Learn how the procedure works, who it’s suitable for, and what to expect during recovery.
Epiretinal Membrane Surgery, also known as membrane peel surgery, is a delicate retinal procedure performed to remove a thin layer of scar tissue growing on the surface of the macula — the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision.
When this membrane tightens or thickens, it causes the macula to wrinkle, leading to blurred or distorted central vision (metamorphopsia).
Surgery involves performing a vitrectomy to access the retina, followed by carefully peeling away the membrane to relieve macular distortion and restore a smoother retinal surface.
Most patients experience improvement in clarity, distortion, and reading vision over time.
Anaesthesia:
Usually performed under local anaesthetic with sedation.
Vitrectomy:
Tiny micro-incisions allow the surgeon to remove the vitreous gel, giving safe access to the macula.
Staining the membrane:
A special dye is applied to highlight the epiretinal membrane and the internal limiting membrane (ILM), improving visibility.
Membrane peeling:
Ultra-fine forceps gently lift and peel the membrane from the macula. In many cases, the ILM is also peeled to reduce the chance of recurrence.
Fluid replacement:
The eye is refilled with a clear solution; no stitches are usually needed.
Most procedures take 30–60 minutes, depending on complexity.
Improves central vision clarity
Reduces distortion (straight lines appearing wavy)
Enhances reading and detailed tasks
Improves depth perception
Prevents further macular damage
Low recurrence rate, especially when the ILM is peeled
Day-case procedure with micro-incision techniques
While full restoration of vision cannot be guaranteed, most patients see progressive improvement for several months after surgery.
This treatment may be recommended if you have:
Moderate to severe distortion affecting daily activities
Blurring that does not improve with glasses
Central vision decline caused by ERM
ERM confirmed on OCT scanning with retinal wrinkling
Progressive symptoms or reduced quality of life
A macular pucker impacting fine tasks such as reading or driving
Mild, non-progressive membranes may simply be monitored; surgery is reserved for visually significant cases.
You will be comfortable, with minimal awareness due to anaesthetic and sedation
Vision will be blurred immediately after surgery
The eye may feel gritty or mildly sore for a few days
A protective shield is worn overnight
Most patients go home the same day
Vision gradually improves as the macula heals — typically over weeks to months
Your surgeon will review you the next day and monitor healing closely.
Early intervention is recommended if:
Distortion is worsening
Vision is increasingly blurred despite glasses
OCT shows advancing traction or thickening
Daily tasks such as reading or driving are affected
Surgery performed before severe macular changes develop often yields the best outcomes.
Use prescribed eye drops for 4–6 weeks
Avoid heavy lifting, swimming, and eye rubbing
Vision improves gradually — often over 3–6 months
Glasses may need updating once healing stabilises
If a gas bubble is used (in selected cases):
Avoid flying until fully absorbed
Follow positioning instructions exactly
Most patients experience steady, meaningful improvement in distortion and central clarity.
