Blepharitis is a very common condition affecting the eyelids and eyelashes. Although rarely sight-threatening, it can be uncomfortable, cosmetically bothersome, and closely linked with dry eye disease.
The eyelid margins house the meibomian glands, which secrete oil into the tear film. In blepharitis, these glands, and the surrounding skin and lash roots, become inflamed or clogged. Bacteria and debris can accumulate at the base of the lashes, forming tiny scales or crusts.
Blepharitis is typically long-term, with periods of relative quiet and phases of flare-up. It often coexists with skin conditions like rosacea or seborrhoeic dermatitis and may contribute to recurrent styes or chalazia.
Patients with blepharitis commonly report red, irritated, or swollen eyelids, especially along the lash line. The eyes may feel gritty, burning, or sore. In the mornings, lids may stick together and require gentle cleaning before they can be opened comfortably.
Vision can fluctuate due to associated dry eye, and some people find their eyes water excessively, particularly in wind or cold air. Recurrent small lumps or cysts at the lid margin are also a frequent consequence.
Blepharitis arises from a combination of factors. Meibomian gland dysfunction plays a central role. Bacterial overgrowth around lashes, skin conditions such as rosacea, and sensitivities to cosmetic or skincare products around the eyes can all contribute. It is not caused by poor hygiene in the conventional sense, but consistent lid care is often part of successful management.
Diagnosis is made by examining the eyelid margins, lashes, and meibomian gland openings at the slit lamp. The pattern of redness, crusting, gland blockage, and any associated skin changes is assessed. The tear film is also evaluated, as blepharitis and dry eye frequently occur together.
You should seek specialist review if persistent eyelid irritation, redness, or crusting has not responded to basic lid hygiene measures, if you have frequent styes or chalazia, or if blepharitis is significantly affecting comfort or vision. Assessment is also important before certain eye surgeries, as uncontrolled blepharitis can affect healing and outcomes.
Eyelid cyst removal surgery is a quick, effective procedure used to treat persistent or bothersome eyelid lumps such as chalazia and sebaceous cysts. It offers fast relief with minimal downtime and excellent cosmetic results.
Macula Hole / VMT Surgery is a precise retinal procedure that removes traction, closes macula holes, and restores central vision. With modern micro-incision techniques, the procedure offers excellent success rates and significant visual improvement for most patients.
Epiretinal membrane surgery removes scar tissue from the macula to reduce distortion and improve central vision. It is a safe, advanced retinal procedure with strong success rates and gradual, long-term visual improvement.
Punctal plugs are tiny devices placed into the tear ducts to retain natural tears and relieve dry eye symptoms. The procedure is quick, painless, and highly effective for patients with low tear production or persistent irritation.
